Iran is increasingly violating the agreements of the nuclear deal, and international observers fear that Iran could soon reach the point of a break-out for a nuclear weapon. The UN nuclear agency, the IAEA, no longer has real control over inspections. Negotiations in Vienna on a continuation of the nuclear agreement have stalled, and there is increasing discussion about a possible negotiation failure and the consequences.

The new Iranian cabinet under President Ebrahim Raissi stands for a more confrontative approach than the previous government under Rouhani. Two of President Raissi's cabinet members are wanted by Interpol for a 1994 attack on the Jewish community center in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Israel is a particular focus of Iranian aggression. Threats of annihilation against the Jewish state by regime officials are commonplace in Iran. In Lebanon and Syria, the Iranian regime is installing missiles and militias to advance its goal.

How is Israel responding to this particular challenge? What is the West doing in the face of these developments and does it need a Plan B for Iran policy? The lecture deals with the situation in the nuclear dispute and, against this background, highlights in particular the Israeli perspective and also the re-adjustment of Western Iran policy that might be necessary from this point of view.

Sima Shine is currently the head of Iran program at the Institute for National Security Studies (INSS). Until 2008, Ms. Shine served in the Israeli Intelligence Community. She was in charge of the production of both daily and periodical evaluations on Middle Eastern and international issues and was involved in political-military meetings with decision makers. Shine served as Deputy Head of Strategic Affairs in Israel's National Security Council (2008-2009) and then (2009 -2016) served in the Ministry of Strategic Affairs, where she was responsible, inter alia, for the Iranian file and was deputy Director General.